– Jan Scholten

Concepts

Single Bromatum

All or nothing Guilt

Disconnected Restless, escape

No integration Passion, instinct

Psychotic

Group analysis

Let us have a look at Bromium itself. The ‘all or nothing’ aspect of the single elements provides us with the theme of Bromium in the form of feeling totally guilty, or not feeling guilty at all. The aggressive side of the Bromatums is most obvious in Bromium itself. It is therefore quite similar to medorrhinum in this aspect, as well as in their passion.

The guilty feeling is also very strongly present in Bromium. In the repertory we find the symptoms ‘delusion people behind her’, and ‘delusion people looking over her shoulder’.

Case

(taken by Rienk Stuut)

A man, aged 25, comes with acne in the face and on his back. It is a severe form of acne, with large boils, leaving scars. () stretching the back. He is restless and can’t find a comfortable position. The tumour proved to be malignant. During that period he had a dream about a mongol in a psychiatric institution,who outwardly appeared to be very friendly, but who proved to be a terrible beast in reality. He twice managed to escape from this institution, leaving behind a pool of blood and destruction.

Past history: Bronchitis many times as a child. Pseudo croup. Pfeiffer.

Childhood: He was a short-tempered little boy, even quite destructive. On the one hand he wanted people to like him, but he often quarrelled with other children. At school he always fought with another boy for the attention of his teacher (a woman). He kicked and punched and if he couldn’t win he used to run home crying. His father then used to go outside to punish those other boys. All his emotions are very intense. He can also be very cheerful, happy, laughing a lot. He feels that his parents were over-protective, taking away his ability to stick up for himself.

Mind: He studies at the academy of ‘expression’. Before that he worked with mentally handicapped people for four years. He stopped this because he wanted to start doing artistic things. He finds it difficult to concentrate on one thing, and he usually puts his energy in doing several things at once. The same thing counts for his relationships. He used to have relationships with both men and women. He feels that he needs more than one relationship in order to get enough love and nurturing.

When there are problems within any of these relationships, he quickly feels guilty and wants to solve it straight away.

He often feels that there is someone behind him who disapproves of him.

He is very impulsive and works in bursts of energy. He is also restless, continually moving his legs.

Fears: height, accidents, what might happen.

General characteristics:

Temperature: cold feet and buttocks. (>) sea.

Desires: sweet, chocolate, milk, cheese.

Aversion: beer. ()fresh air, (>) sea (3), (

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– Jan Scholten

Bromium is a well known remedy.

Signature

The name comes from the Greek word bromos, which means nasty smell. it was discovered in 1826.

It is a brownish red, acrid and smoking fluid. Some methods of water purification, disinfection, bleaching and the production of tear gas make use of its corrosive properties. Silver bromide gets used in photographic processing. Other Bromium compounds are used to increase flame resistance in artificial materials.

Bromides also get used in engines to reduce knocking.

Bromium is widely used in chemical processes because it easily interchangeable between different compounds.

Concepts

Stage 17 Ferrum series

Exit End Task Work Duty

Letting go Craft Use

Holding on Ability Perfection

Demanding Routine Order Rules

Climax Control Exams

Condemned Observed Criticised

Exiled Failure Guilt Crime

Escaping Pursued Tried

Adult

Village

Group analysis

Work has come to an end.

Holding on to work: wringing hands.

Letting go of work: pension.

Condemned to work: forced labour.

Outsider with regard to work.

Letting go of duty: guilty.

Letting go of control: instincts, sex, adultery.

Letting go of control: psychotic.

Letting go of control: sleep, sleepless, sleepwalking.

Feeling condemned and persecuted.

Demanding because he is guilty anyway.

Escaping after failure.

Letting go of the village: fleeing.

Banned from the village: anti-social.

Picture of Bromium

Essence: work has come to an end.

Work has come to an end

They have to let go of their work. This can be various reasons why this is happening. Either they can’t carry on because of illness, or their age doesnt allow them to go on any longer. Or they lose their job because they are sacked. They have difficulty coming to terms with the fact that they might never work again.

Letting go of work

A typical situation that often causes the onset of their problems is when they have reached the age of retirement. They would rather have carried on working and find it hard to sit at home and do nothing. They want to have something to do and when they can’t find anything their hands and fingers get restless, they’ll bite their nails, pick at the skin around the nails, wring their hands etc.

Condemned to work: forced labour

A variation on this theme is that they are not allowed to let go of work, i.e. they are condemned to work. The classical example of such a situation is that of forced labour in the old days.

Letting go of duty: guilt

They also feel that they are guilty because they aren’t doing their job. The theme of guilt finds its expression in words like naughty or wrong. Children especially tend to use the word naughty a lot. It is as if they have been caught red handed, giving rise to compulsive fumbling movements with their hands.

Letting go of control: instincts, sex, adultery

These people have very strong passions, it is as if they have let go of control over their instincts. They are intense and passionate in everything they undertake. They may be very sexual, or very emotional, or aggressive or selfish. This passion however can create problems. They know how strongly they are being led by their instincts and they fear that they will harm other people because of it. This in turn makes them feel guilty again.

Feeling condemned and persecuted

They feel disapproved of, condemned and persecuted. They can’t bear being looked at. This is expressed in delusion someone is looking over his shoulder. They feel that whatever they try, they will always be found guilty. And if they are guilty anyway, they might as well become, or remain, a criminal. They can get very aggressive and take whatever they think they might need. After all, others have taken everything away from them, so why not?

Escaping after failure

They are inclined to want to escape. They think that they are being persecuted, either by people or by ghosts. So they escape, preferably to the sea, far away from their village where everyone knows what they have done wrong.

Letting go of control: psychotic

In the most extreme case they could get psychotic. They have lost all control, mainly because they feel so terribly guilty They sit silently, staring into space or wringing their hands and fiddling with their fingers or nails. Their guilt is often related to religion. They may have delusions that God wants to punish them, that they are guilty because they have been masturbating etc.

Expressions

Fears: failure, criticism, opposition, anticipation, alone, stroke, dark, ghosts, water.

Dreams: unsuccessful efforts, paralysis, anger, death, heights, fights, dead people, funeral, travel.

Delusions: someone looking over their shoulder, pursued, fasting, going insane, travelling, ghosts, things jumping up and down on the floor in front of them.

Irritability: quarrelsome, angry, shouting.

Mental: deja vu, confused, forgetful, imbecile.

Mood: sensitive, dynamic, gloomy, indifferent.

Work: (>)() fresh air, (>) sea (3), (

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– T. F. Allen.

General Action
One of the most marked general indications for Bromium is its tendency to spasms or spasmodic attacks of various sorts. This is especially noticed in symptoms occurring in the throat and larynx. Unlike Iodine, its symptoms are rarely accompanied by fever.
Generalities
Weakness; aggravation in a warm room. Tearing or cutting pains.
Mind
Apathy. Indisposition to any mental work. Loss of ideas. Forgetfulness.
Head
Vertigo, () nose-bleed. Neuralgic pains, especially of the left side, (

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by Pierce W.I.

BROMINE.

Introduction
Bromine, like Iodine, does not exist in nature in a free state. It is found in the waters of many salt springs as well as in sea-water. It is found, together with Iodine, in the ash of sea-weed and in sponges. Bromine has a powerful affinity for hydrogen, and its solutions are decomposed by sunlight, hydrogen bromide being formed. For our use it is prepared with distilled water up to the 2nd, then dilute alcohol for the 3rd, and the ordinary 87 alcohol for all higher potencies. If used below the 6th it should be freshly prepared. Probably the 6th and surely the 30th is stable and good until used. While first proved, perhaps, by others, it is to Hering and his fellow-provers that most of our knowledge of this remedy is due. It seems to be especially useful for those with light hair (88) and blue eyes (Iodine dark hair and eyes); for those of a scrofulous diathesis, with enlarged and suppurating glands, especially the parotid.
Symptoms
It is useful in diphtheria with enlarged parotids, which finally suppurate, and especially when the disease invades the larynx and trachea. The effects of Bromine upon the larynx and trachea furnish the most useful guides to its use in disease. Whoever has inhaled the fumes of Bromine will remember the sudden spasm or contraction of the throat that it causes and the arrest of the inhalation; one symptom reading, “feeling as if the pit of the throat were pressed against the trachea,” and another, “sudden paroxysm of suffocation on swallowing.” These symptoms are prominent ones when calling for the remedy in croup (52), and to show its position or place in this disease we will quote directly from the Handbook: “In croup Brom. is rarely indicated in the early stage; but when the febrile symptoms have subsided, the patient is weak, perspiring has a hard, tight cough, which is spasmodic, with suffocative attacks and sometimes rattling of mucus in the larynx; the element of spasm generally indicates the drug. It follows well after Iod.” You will recall that it is only recently that we knew that diphtheria and membranous croup are one and the same disease, the seat of the trouble alone furnishing the name. As illustrative of a Homoeopaths ability to prescribe accurately in a given case even is a diagnosis is not or cannot be made, Hering, who died in 1880, says: “With apparent great sagacity one of our best authors says: “Bromine could not be a remedy in diphtheria and also in croup, as diphtheria and croup are two diseases entirely different in their nature and character; a chief croup remedy cannot at the same time to be great diphtheritic remedy, because a drug has not only to cover the symptoms, but must likewise correspond to the character of the disease.” Hering’s comment is: “We have nothing to do with the disease, only with the sick and the characteristics of each case.” Bromine is of value in spasmodic croup, starting up as if choked, better drinking (40), Lilienthal saying, “better from warm drinks, every inspiration provokes cough” (41). It is to be thought of in asthma (19) with suffocative attacks, it seems as if the breathing were hindered by spasmodic constriction, and it is said to be of benefit for asthma that is better at sea. Bromine is recommended for membranous dysmenorrhoea (138), with spasmodic uterine contractions, and in dysmenorrhoea with loud emissions of gas from the vagina (205). It is to be thought of in chronic inflammation of the ovaries (148), the l. by preference affected (147). I use Bromine 6th.

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-M.L.Tyler.

Introduction:
AMONG the drugs one has long desired to study is Bromium; so we will attempt its portrayal for the benefit of all of us. The one occasion on which its effect was dramatic enough to stamp it on the memory, was the case of a sailor on shore with asthma. In the Repertory one finds it, thus: “Asthma of sailors as soon as they go ashore, BROM.”, in black type, and no other remedy given. Anyway it worked promptly. And one has added it as a second remedy in that other rubric, “Seashore ameliorates, Med.”, which some of our prescribers find an absolutely straight tip to the successful use of Medorrhinum. When a case halts, Nosodes (potentized disease products) do help one out in a very marvellous way: or, on the other hand, they may make the subsequent use of the simpler, apparently indicated drug, operative. With Brom., deep forcible inspirations are necessary from time to time. He cannot inspire sufficiently. The glottis may close with a spasm. Bromium, again, cannot stand dust or draughts. The two “Worse dust” remedies one has been able to discover are Brom. and Lyss. Asthma is a very interesting condition, which many doctors find difficult to cure; and the chemists must appreciate the income it affords them, its palliation. A second of the halogens, Chlorum (Chlorine) has asthma with a very definite indications, DYSPNOEA; CAN’T EXHALE. Another suggestive symptom is “Great dyspnoea” inspiration through the nose, while expiration was blown from the lips as in apoplexy”. Among its modalities are, “Worse lying. Better from motion and in the open air.” In the asthma of Iodum, a third of the four halogens, it is the inspirations that are difficult (Brom.); and Iodum is markedly better for cold in every form, and worse for heat. It has also “emaciation with a ravenous appetite.” The respiratory symptoms of Fluorine, which we use in the form of Fluoric acid, or rather hydrofluoric acid, appears to affect, in a minor degree-in that combination-the organs of respiration, and vents its spleen on scalp, glands, veins, bones and nerves. In regard to its pains, a queer modality was once obtained from a brilliant homoeopathic chemist, “Pain better by shaking the part”. It was an unconscious memory, as he afterwards traced it, from a burn when etching on glass. the pain in question was a sciatica which had resisted all the prescribing of light and learning: only to yield to that “intuition or unconscious memory and a few doses of Fluoric acid.30. Where bromides are long used, to induce sleep in chronic sleeplessness, or for the suppression of epilepsy, the patient is gradually reduced to what one calls a “pimply idiot”. In Bromism the skin is first involved, with papules like acne. Then comes a lowering of cutaneous sensibility and of the pharynx; with loss of powers, general and sexual. The intellect is dulled: the patient is depressed; easily fatigued and unfit for work. The higher functions of the brain are depressed, before the lower-“in the reverse order of physiological development of the functions- (the Law of Dissolution).” Apply all this, in potencies, to just such a patient and you will be able to use Bromium curatively. We are told that “if Bromium is introduced into a cut it becomes unhealthy looking; a green decay forms about it, with an offensive odour.” If you come across such a condition, again use Brom. in potency and cure. It will go straight to the spot. It has pimples on nose, on tongue, on fingers, on anus: boils on arms, etc. It has “continued yawning with dyspnoea” and vivid dreams, of climbing, journeying, quarrels, fighting. We will now let others, wiser and more experienced, take up the tale. GUERNSEY says, Bromine affects particularly the internal head, left side. Important in diphtheria and croup, especially in children with thin, white, delicate skins, very light hair and eyebrows. Mood cheerful, with desire for mental labour. (Primary action.) Diphtheria begins in larynx and runs up. He talks of croupy sounds, loose rattling in larynx, but no choking with the cough, as with Hepar. Affects chiefly eyes, chest and heart. In females it has a curious symptoms, “escape of flatus from vagina”. [We have used this symptom, in prescribing Brom. in the “Gynaec. Dept.”] KENT gives many pages to Bromium. We will extract, condensing. He says: “It is so seldom indicated that most homoeopaths give it up as a perfectly useless medicine . They give Brom. for diphtheria, and when it does not work, they give Merc-cy., and when that does not work they give something else ‘for diphtheria’, always for diphtheria. They do not take the symptoms of the case, and prescribe in accordance with the individualizing method. They do not prescribe for the patient, but for the disease. You may not see more than half a dozen cases of diphtheria in the next twenty years, but when you see a Bromium case, you want to know Bromium. An underlying feature, of Brom. is especially for individuals that are made sick from being heated. Also complaints that come on after a very hot day in summer. Getting overheated But after the complaint comes on, no matter where it is, he is so dreadfully sensitive to cold that a draught of cool air freezes him to the bones; but he cannot stand being over-heated. “Glands become hard, indurated; but seldom suppurate. Remain hard. Inflammation with hardness is the idea. It has cured enlargement and great hardness of the thyroid. Goitre. Bromium with some is a routine goitre remedy, and when that does not work, they try eggshell treatment, and when that does not work they try something else, instead of taking the symptoms of the patient. “Emaciation-and tendency to infiltration: it is not strange that it has been a curative medicine in tuberculosis and cancer. WEakness: legs weak and prostrated; growing prostration with trembling limbs. Membranous exudate. A natural feature of the mucous membrane is infiltration, so that mucous membrane appears to exudate little greyish-white exudations, and beneath them is induration. That is true in ulcers. An ulcer upon mucous membrane will eat in deeper and deeper and build beneath it all the time a hardened stratum of tissue. ‘Icy coldness of limbs.’ ‘Heat of head.’ Dyspnoea with great sweating. Croupy manifestations. “Palpitation: with nausea, with nervous excitement. Aversion to work, to reading. No interest in household duties. Indifferent; tired. Sad and discouraged. Ear troubles with parotid enlarged and hard. Swelling and hardness of left parotid. Flushed face. Hot-blooded, easily heated. But this is entirely the opposite of the chronic constitutional Bromium condition. Oldish appearance. Chronic Bromium will have the sickly, grey, ash-coloured face. Or plethoric children have red face, and are easily over-heated. Of course, where dyspnoea has lasted for hours, or many days, the patient becomes cyanotic and pale: gasping, and choking, as in diphtheria, in croup, in laryngeal affections. “Bromium fits the most malignant type of diphtheria. The membrane grows like a weed; shuts off breathing, closes the larynx. Begins in throat and goes into larynx. Great violence: afterwards great prostration. A great many of the cures by Brom. have been in left-sided diphtheria: yet it has cured both sides. You will seldom see Bromium develop in cold, dry weather: but in hot, damp weather. “Chronic stomach ulcers. Vomiting with signs of ulceration. Vomiting or diarrhoea are worse after eating. Worse acids; oysters; tobacco smoke. Worse warm things, hot tea, hot drinks. ‘Pains from taking hot foods’. Membranous stools. Black, faecal stool; must go to stool after eating. “Enlarged veins. Protruding haemorrhoids: smart day and night. ‘Blind, intensely painful haemorrhoids, with black, diarrhoeic stool.’ “Jumps up for want of breath: gasping and suffering for breath. Sneezing, and rattling in larynx. Air passages as if full of smoke, or fumes from sulphur, or tar. Tickling, or sensation of coldness in larynx. As if larynx covered with down, or velvet, but it feels so cold. The air breathed feels cold, as if blown off snow or ice sneezing, hoarseness, irritation in respiratory tract from handling dusty things.”.
BLACK LETTER SYMPTOMS
(Allen, Hering) She does not feel as she generally does, but can’t tell why. PAROTIDS, mostly left, affected. Swelling and hardness of left parotid, warm to touch. Suppuration of left parotid: discharge watery and excoriating: swelling remains hard and unyielding. (Especially after scarlet fever.) Long-continued obstinate CORYZA, with soreness beneath nose and on margin of the nose. Grey, earthy colour of FACE. Stony hard swelling of GLANDS, especially on lower jaw and throat. Diphtheria or croup. Periodically much pain in left hypochondrium and iliac regions. Pain violent, as if a sore inside. Black, fecal STOOLS. VARICES, anus, worse application of cold or warm water. Loud emissions of flatus from vagina. Cold sensation in LARYNX, with cold feeling on inspiring. Chronic hoarseness. Hoarseness: loss of voice: he cannot speak clearly. Scraping and rawness provoking dry cough; in the evening. A feeling as if the pit of the throat were pressed against the trachea. Cough with paroxysms of suffocation. Rattling of mucus in larynx when coughing: cough sounds croupy. DIPHTHERIA, when disease commences in larynx and comes up to fauces; or in some cases where it runs down to larynx, with croupy cough and rattling of mucus. No choking with cough, as with Hepar. Much rattling in larynx when breathing: more when coughing. Danger of suffocation from phlegm in larynx. (Ant. tart. has rattling lower down in chest.) Croupous inflammation formed by exuberant growth of fungi. (Diphtheria.) Constriction of CHEST; no cough; with difficulty of breathing. ASTHMA of sailors as soon as they go ashore. Symptoms of croup during whooping cough. Icy cold forearms. Diphtheria: great weakness and lassitude when all symptoms have passed off. Blonde, red-cheeked, scrofulous girls. Scrofulous swelling, glands, several already in suppuration: thyroid; testes; submaxillary; parotid. KENT says of Bromium:- “Its complaints come on in the night, after a very hot day; yet after the complaint comes on, he is so dreadfully sensitive to cold that a draft of cool air freezes him to the bone. “Bromine infiltrates glands: which become hard but seldom suppurate. Inflammation with hardness is the idea. “Bromium fits the most malignant type of diphtheria. The membrane grows like a weed; shuts off breathing; closes up the larynx.”.

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-Boericke W.

-Bromine.

General
Most marked effects are seen in the respiratory symptoms, especially in larynx and trachea. It seems to affect especially scrofulous children with enlarged glands. BLOND TYPE. Enlarged parotid and goitre. Tendency to spasmodic attacks. LEFT-SIDED MUMPS. Sense of suffocation; excoriating discharges, profuse sweats and great weakness. Complaints from being over-heated. TENDENCY TO INFILTRATE GLANDS, BECOME HARD, BUT SELDOM SUPPURATE.
Mind
Delusion that strange persons are looking over patient’s shoulder and that she would see someone on turning. Quarrelsome.
Head
Megrim of left side; worse stooping, especially after drinking milk. Headache; worse heat of sun and by rapid motion. Sharp pain through eyes. Dizzy when crossing stream of water.
Nose
Coryza, with corrosive soreness of nose. Stoppage of right nostril. Pressure at root of nose. TICKLING, SMARTING, AS FROM COBWEBS. Fan-like motion of alae. [Lyc.] Bleeding from nose relieving the chest.
Throat
Throat feels raw, evening, with hoarseness. Tonsils pain on swallowing, deep red, with networks of dilated blood vessels. Tickling in trachea during inspiration. Hoarseness coming on from being overheated.
Stomach and Abdomen.
Sharp burning from tongue to stomach. Pressure as of stone. Gastralgia; better eating. Tympanitic distention of abdomen. Painful haemorrhoids, with black stool.
Respiratory
Whooping cough. (Use persistently for about ten days.) DRY COUGH, WITH HOARSENESS and burning pain BEHIND STERNUM. SPASMODIC COUGH, WITH RATTLING OF MUCUS in the larynx; suffocative. HOARSENESS. Croup after febrile symptoms have subsided. Difficult and painful breathing. Violent cramping of chest. Chest pains run upward. COLD SENSATION WHEN INSPIRING. Every inspiration provokes cough. LARYNGEAL DIPHTHERIA, membrane begins in larynx and spreads upward. Spasmodic constriction. Asthma; difficulty in getting air INTO lung. (Chlorum, in expelling.) Better at sea, of seafaring men when they come on land. Hypertrophy of heart from gymnastics. [Rhus.] Fibrinous bronchitis, great dyspnoea. Bronchial tubes feel filled with smoke.
Male
Swelling of testicles. Indurated, with pains worse slight jar.
Female
Swelling of ovaries. Menses too early; too profuse, with membranous shreds. Low spirited before menses. Tumor in breasts, with stitching pains; worse left. Stitch pains from breast to axillae. Sharp shooting pain in left breast, worse, pressure.
Sleep
Full of dreams and anguish; jerking and starting during sleep, full of fantasy and illusions; difficult to go to sleep at night, cannot sleep enough in morning; trembling and weak on awaking.
Skin
Acne, pimples and pustules. Boils on arms and face. GLANDS STONY, HARD, ESPECIALLY ON LOWER JAW and throat. Hard goitre. [Spong.] Gangrene.
Modalities
WORSE, from evening, until midnight, and when sitting in warm room; warm damp weather when at rest and lying left side. BETTER, from any motion; exercise, at sea.
Relationship
Antidotes: Ammon. carb.; Camph. Salt inhibits the action of Brom. Compare: Conium; Spongia; Iod.; Aster.; Arg. nit. Avoid milk when taking Brom. Hydrobromic acid. (Throat dry and puckering; constriction in pharynx and chest; waves of heat over face and neck; pulsating tinnitus with great nervous irritability (Houghton); vertigo, palpitation; arms heavy; seemed as if parts did not belong to him. Seems to have a specific effect on the inferior cervical ganglion, increasing the tonic action of the sympathetic, thus promoting vaso-constriction. Relieves headache, tinnitus and vertigo, especially in vaso-motor stomach disturbance. Dose, 20 minims.).
Dose
First to third attenuation. Must be prepared fresh, as it is liable to rapid deterioration.

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-Bromine The Element.

It acts best, but not exclusively, on persons with light- blue eyes, flaxen hair,light eyebrows, fair, delicate skin; blonde, red-cheeked, scrofulous girls. Sensation of cobweb on the face [Bar. , Bor. , Graph. ].

Fan-like motion of alae nasi [Ant. t. , Lyc. ]. Sailors suf er from asthma “on shore”. Stony, hard, scrofulous or tuberculous sweling of glands, especialy on lower jaw and throat [thyroid, submaxilary, parotid, testes. ].

Diphtheria: where the membrane forms in pharynx; beginning in bronchi, trachea or larynx, and extending upwards; chest pains running upwards. Membranous and diphtheric croup; much rat ling of mucus during cough, but no choking [as in Hepar]; sounds loose, but no expectoration Ant. t. ].

Croupy symptoms with hoarseness during whooping cough; grasping for breath. Dyspnoea: cannot inspire deep enough; as if breathing through a sponge or the air passages were ful of smoke or vapor of sulphur; rat ling, sawing; voice inaudible; danger of suf ocation from mucus in larynx [in bronchi, Ant. t. ]. Hypertrophy of heart from gymnastics in growing boys [from calisthenics in young girls, Caust. ].

Physometra; loud emission of flatus from the vagina [Lyc. ]; membranous dysmenor hoea [Lac. c. ]. Cold sensation in larynx on inspiration [Rhus, Sulph. ]; (>). after shaving [ (

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